The postsecondary researcher data files contain commonly requested longitudinal student-level data from the postsecondary educational environment. The data is organized into 5 datasets: base, enrollment, program, coursework, and awards. These datasets reflect information about postsecondary student demographics, enrollments, programs, courses, cumulative progress, and degrees/certifications (referred to as awards). Data from the 2010-present school years are available.
The primary data sources for the postsecondary researcher data are the Student Transcript and Academic Record Repository (STARR) and the National Student Clearinghouse (NSC). STARR is a collection of student data from all Michigan public institutions and some independent institutions. NSC is a national database of postsecondary student information from most colleges nationwide. The information collected from STARR is more detailed than that obtained from NSC, but we use the NSC data to track the progress of Michigan's students who attend college out of state, and as a backup to ensure we obtain the most complete data possible for Michigan's postsecondary students. The STARR and NSC data are merged together and standardized, and these merged datasets serve as the source for the researcher files. More specifically, CEPI submits a student list to NSC for the past 8 cohorts of Michigan high school graduates and for all Michigan postsecondary students. NSC matches the student list to their Student Tracker database and CEPI uses the returned results.
When merging these data sources, student x year x institution enrollment and awards records are first identified from the STARR and NSC. Where only a STARR record or both STARR and NSC have a matching record, data from STARR are incorporated into the panel. After having done this, any remaining unique NSC records are then added to the panel. Most commonly, these NSC records will come from out-of-state and independent/private institutions although community colleges and, to a lesser degree, four-year institutions will also show records.
While this approach greatly reduces duplicate records, there are potential shortcomings. Academic Year is based on Start and End dates that are received from STARR & NSC and there are known data quality concerns around the End date where data is received differently between STARR & NSC. When those dates fall into a different Academic Year, overreporting of the outcomes from those data may occur. A second artifact is the mixing of STARR and NSC data for the same student at the same college in the same school year if, for example, a STARR enrollment record and an NSC award record are received. NSC enrollment records at that college/school year are dropped, but the NSC award record is kept, even if it was not reported in STARR.
This strategy of combining the two data sources, plus the method of data collection used, results in something of a convenience sample for the overall postsecondary dataset. Included are the universe of students enrolled at a Michigan public institution regardless of whether or not they attended Michigan public high school. Additionally, K12 Michigan public high school attendees who attended an out-of-state postsecondary institution or an in-state independent/private postsecondary institution are included, meaning a comprehensive of post-secondary outcomes for Michigan public K12 students is achieved. Beyond this, K12 students who dual-enroll will also show records.
Overall Data Table Notes
Table Hierarchy
This is the general hierarchy of the tables:
| Student Base | |
|---|---|
| Enrollments | A student may have multiple associated enrollments. |
| Coursework | An enrollment session may have multiple associated courses. |
| Programs | An enrollment session may have multiple associated academic programs. |
| Awards | A student may have multiple associated awards, but awards do not link directly to enrollment session records. |
| Independent IHE Reporting Options | IHEs and their reporting option designation. This table is mostly informational, and exists outside of the normal 5 table structure. |
|---|
Standard Table Joins
The below grids show how the tables link together, but other joins may be appropriate depending on the requirements of the research.
| Student Base | Joins to | Enrollments, Coursework, Programs, Awards |
|---|---|---|
| RIC | = | RIC |
| Enrollments | Joins to | Coursework, Programs |
|---|---|---|
| RIC | = | RIC |
| IPEDS_CODE | = | IPEDS_CODE |
| YEAR_SESSION | = | YEAR_SESSION |
| Programs | Joins to | Coursework |
|---|---|---|
| RIC | = | RIC |
| IPEDS_CODE | = | IPEDS_CODE |
| YEAR_SESSION | = | YEAR_SESSION |
Though awards do not have a direct one-to-one link to enrollment records, most student awards can be linked to a corresponding set of enrollments as shown below.
| Awards | May join to | Enrollments |
| RIC | = | RIC |
| IPEDS_CODE | = | IPEDS_CODE |
| Independent IHE Reporting Options | May join to | Any dataset with an IPEDS Code |
|---|---|---|
| IPEDS_CODE | = | IPEDS_CODE |
Post-Secondary Student Base
Highlights
Record Level: Student-level
Record Count: ~2.6 million observations
Years Covered: 2010-Present*
Population Coverage: Students enrolled in or receiving an award from a Michigan public institution
The base dataset contains information on student demographics: race, gender, and date of birth. The base population includes students who have enrolled in or received an award from a Michigan public institution (and some independent institutions) during the 2010 academic year or later. The data will include the entire academic history of any such student, which may include enrollments or awards prior to the 2010 academic year.
Students are identified with a research identification code (RIC), which is unique in nearly all cases in the dataset. However, due to linking and unlinking over time as data was moved from the source datasets to the final datasets, some students may have duplicated or conflicting data. In these cases, both records are retained within the final dataset, allowing researchers to decide how to eliminate duplicate RICs. In addition, in some cases there are discrepancies between STARR and NSC data.
In addition, the data file includes a stable date of birth (latest reported date of birth) for each student, and indicators for where conflicts in demographic data exist (i.e., if conflicting dates of birth, race, or gender have been reported for any given student over time).
* Note that, because the academic histories of students might extend before the 2010 academic year, the years covered for other postsecondary files may differ. For example, there are student enrollments dating back as early to 1900 in the enrollment datafile.
Post-Secondary Student Enrollment
Highlights
Record Level: Student by school year session by institution
Record Count: 1,792,406 observations/year beginning in 2010
Years Covered: 2010-Present*
Population Coverage: Students with an enrollment record at a Michigan public institution
The enrollment dataset includes one record per student, for each institution attended and school year session (for example, fall 2010-2011). For each record, session beginning and end dates are provided. Additionally, the dataset includes variables that reflect academic progress, such as session GPA and credits attempted/earned, in addition to variables reflecting academic progress. The dataset also includes flags for full-time enrollment and whether any courses were taken for remedial purposes. As with the base file, students are identified using a RIC, which is unique within a student-year-IHE-session for nearly all cases.
In this dataset, Spring and Winter sessions are treated the same by CEPI. Researchers should note that in the 2016-17 collection, CEPI began renaming all Winter sessions to Spring to reflect that. Therefore, you will see no Winter sessions from the 2016-17 enrollments on. The figure below illustrates how different sessions were categorized. For example, sessions categorized as “Late Summer” have a start date between 4/15 and 7/31 and an end date between 7/16 and 8/31. Some sessions span more than one session range; a session falling entirely within an overlap range is put into the later second session of the range (i.e., the end date determines the session for these cases). Any sessions with a start date between 4/15-EndYear and 8/1-EndYear and ending on or after 7/16-EndYear are moved to the subsequent school year.
In addition, researchers should note the following definitions of student transfers, which apply to those with ENROLLMENT_TYPE = “TransferIn”. CEPI has two principal definitions of a transfer:
- If an institution tells us that a student is a transfer, that student is a transfer, full stop. This stems from an Enrollment Type of “TransferIn”. CEPI tries to find the student’s previous college or university, but if they cannot find one then their previous enrollment is labeled as ‘Unknown’.
- CEPI looks at all enrollments within the academic year of the report and finds the most recent enrollments for the students before that point. They look for the following to be true. If these are true, then the enrollment pattern is considered a transfer by CEPI’s definition: - The previous enrollment is at a different institution - The previous enrollment is at the same Enrollment Level (Undergraduate vs Graduate) - The student has stopped enrollment at that previous institution - The student has not previously been enrolled at their current institution (that is, readmissions are not eligible to be transfers)
CEPI then takes all transfers discovered by methods 1 and/or 2, and compiles them into the data file.
View the enrollment data: record counts by institution for 2010-2019
* Years covered includes any year for which there is data available in this file. However, researchers should note that these data encompass the academic histories of any student receiving an award beginning with the 2010 school year. As such, the base file “years covered” encompasses 2010, but all other files may include earlier records as well.
Post-Secondary Student Programs
Highlights
Record Level: Student by program by school year session by institution
Record Count: 1.6-2.2 million observations/year beginning in 2010
Years Covered: 2010-Present*
Population Coverage: Students enrolled in or receiving an award from a Michigan public institution, as well as some out of state students from NSC.
The programs dataset includes one record per student, for each program the student is working toward at all institutions and school year session (for example, fall 2010-2011). For each record, session beginning and end dates are provided. Additionally, the dataset includes variables that reflect program type and description (such as “Major in Computer Science”). Program CIP codes and descriptions are also provided but due to reporting issues, many records reflect a null value.
CEPI conducts some deduplication of program records, as follows:
- Drop records with a null program name if there is a corresponding record where all other key fields match and the program name field contains a value.
- Drop records with a null program CIP code if there is a corresponding record where all other key fields match and the program CIP code field contains a value.
- If both a STARR and an NSC program record exist where all key fields are identical, keep only the STARR record.
* Years covered includes any year for which there is data available in this file. However, researchers should note that these data encompass the academic histories of any student enrolled in or receiving an award beginning with the 2010 school year. As such, the base file “years covered” encompasses 2010, but all other files may include earlier records as well.
Codebook
| Category Sort descending | Variable | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Category: All | Variable: IHE_SUBMITTED_SESSION_BEGIN_DATE | Description: the start of the academic session as submitted by the college. |
| Category: All | Variable: IHE_NAME | Description: Institution of Higher Education (IHE) Official Name. |
| Category: All | Variable: YEAR_SESSION | Description: A combination of the school year enrolled and the session name |
| Category: All | Variable: SESSION_NAME | Description: Academic term reported, based on IHE's session dates as defined by CEPI |
| Category: All | Variable: SESSION_END_DATE | Description: End date of academic session per CEPI, based on IHE's submitted dates. |
| Category: All | Variable: SESSION_BEGIN_DATE | Description: Start date of academic session per CEPI, based on IHE's submitted dates. |
| Category: All | Variable: SCHOOL_YEAR_ENROLLED | Description: The school year during which the student is enrolled. Example: 2016-2017 |
| Category: All | Variable: SCHOOL_START_YEAR_ENROLLED | Description: The numeric start year of the school year during which the student is enrolled |
| Category: All | Variable: RIC | Description: The unique student identifier--Research Identification Code. |
| Category: All | Variable: PROGRAM_TYPE | Description: Type of academic program pursued at the IHE (e.g., Major, Minor, Concentration) |
| Category: All | Variable: IPEDS_CODE | Description: IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data Systems) IHE identification code |
| Category: All | Variable: IHE_SUBMITTED_SESSION_END_DATE | Description: the end of the academic session as submitted by the college. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_STABLE_RACE_ETHNIC_CONFLICT | Description: Indicates conflicting racial/ethnic category values reported for student |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: STABLE_RACE_ETHNIC | Description: The latest reported race/ethnicity for a student across all IHEs |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: STABLE_MONTH_YEAR_BIRTH | Description: The latest reported date of birth for the student for all time |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: STABLE_GENDER | Description: The latest reported gender for a student across all IHEs |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: RACE_ETHNICITY_RAW | Description: The student's race/ethnicity as submitted by the IHE for the academic session. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: MONTH_YEAR_BIRTH_RAW | Description: The student's date of birth as submitted by the IHE for the academic session. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_STABLE_GENDER_CONFLICT | Description: indicates if conflicting gender values have been reported for the student |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_STABLE_DATE_BIRTH_CONFLICT | Description: indicates if conflicting DOB values have ever been repoted for the student |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_SPECIAL_POP_UNKNOWN | Description: Indicates if Perkins IV special population status is unknown for the session. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_SINGLE_PARENT | Description: Indicates if student is unmarried and pregnant or has minor children. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_NON_TRADITIONAL | Description: Indicates if student?s gender is under 25% in the field; Perkins IV population |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: COHORT_EXCLUSION | Description: Indicator for those persons who may be removed from a cohort |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: GENDER_RAW | Description: The student's gender as submitted by the IHE for the academic session. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IHE_AGE_AS_OF_SEP_30 | Description: The student's age as of September 30th of the enrollment year. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_DISPLACED_HOMEMAKER | Description: Indicates if student is a displaced homemaker with reduced marketable skills. |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_ECO_DIS | Description: Indicates if student has economic/academic disadvantages; Perkins IV population |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_FOSTER | Description: 'Age Out' - when a foster youth becomes ineligible for state services |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_OUT_OF_WORKFORCE | Description: Displaced homemaker or with reduced skills from unpaid home work, unemployed |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_HOMELESS | Description: Individuals who lack a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_INDIV_W_DISABILITY | Description: Indicates if student has a disability under ADA; Perkins IV special population |
| Category: Demographics | Variable: IS_LEP | Description: Indicates if student has limited English speaking,reading,writing,comprehension |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_REMEDIAL_MATH_SESSION | Description: Y/N indicator if remedial math courses were taken during the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_REMEDIAL_READING_SESSION | Description: Y/N indicator if remedial reading courses were taken during the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_REMEDIAL_SCIENCE_SESSION | Description: Y/N indicator if remedial science courses were taken during the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_REMEDIAL_SESSION | Description: Y/N indicator if any remedial courses were taken during the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_REMEDIAL_WRITING_SESSION | Description: Y/N indicator if remedial writing courses were taken during the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_STARR_SESSION | Description: Designates if the session record came from the STARR collection. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_TRANSFER_NOGRADE | Description: Indicates if all courses in the session had a grade status of ?TransferNoGrade? |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_REMEDIAL_ESL_SESSION | Description: Y/N indicator if course is a remedial English as a Second Language (ESL) course |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_ATTEMPTED_SESSION | Description: Total STARR credits attempted or NSC FTE days converted to session credits. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_2YR_CUM | Description: Cumulative STARR credits and NSC FTE days earned at all 2-year institutions. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_4YR_CUM | Description: Cumulative STARR credits and NSC FTE days earned at all 4-year institutions. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_CUM | Description: Cumulative total of STARR credits and NSC FTE days converted to credits earned. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_INSTATE_CUM | Description: Cumulative STARR credits and NSC FTE days earned at all Michigan institutions. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_OUTSTATE_CUM | Description: Cumulative STARR credits and NSC FTE days earned at out-of-state institutions. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_PRIVATE_CUM | Description: Cumulative STARR credits and NSC FTE days earned at all private institutions. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_PUBLIC_CUM | Description: Cumulative STARR credits and NSC FTE days earned at all public institutions. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: MOD_CREDITS_EARNED_SESSION | Description: Total STARR credits earned or NSC FTE days converted to session credits. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: SESSION_TYPE | Description: Type of academic session (e.g., Semester, Quarter), per IHE or CEPI records. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: STUDENT_HOME_STATE | Description: The name of the student's legal home permanent state or province. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: STUDENT_LEVEL_CODE | Description: Education level the student is pursuing during the academic session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_GPA_CUM | Description: Cumulative GPA for all IHE courses by end of the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_FULL_TIME_30 | Description: Indicates if student is full-time, based on 30 attempted credits per year |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: DEGREE_SEEKING | Description: Indicates if student is degree-seeking or non-degree-seeking at the IHE. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: ENROLLED_IN_AWARD_LEVEL | Description: Student?s educational level pursued during the academic session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: ENROLLMENT_LEVEL | Description: The student's enrollment level (undergraduate or graduate) at the IHE. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: ENROLLMENT_TYPE | Description: Indicates student?s enrollment type at session start (FirstTime, TransferIn...) |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_CONTROL | Description: Designates whether an IHE is publicly or privately controlled. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_CTE_STATUS | Description: Indicates student?s enrollment/completion status |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_ENTRY_DATE | Description: The year, month and day of the first enrollment at the institution. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_GPA_TERM | Description: The grade point average (GPA) for the respective academic session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_HIGH_SCHOOL_STUDENT | Description: Indicates high school student status: Dual Enrolled, Early Middle College etc |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_INSTATE_OUTSTATE | Description: Designates whether an IHE is in Michigan or not in Michigan. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_LEVEL | Description: Designates whether an IHE is a 2-year or 4-year institution. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_MILITARY_STATUS | Description: The student?s military status at the time of enrollment. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_PELL_STATUS | Description: Indicates if student was eligible for or received a Pell Grant for the session. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_RESIDENCY_STATUS | Description: A student?s residency status for tuition purposes. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_TOTAL_CREDITS | Description: Total (cumulative) credits earned at an IHE according to STARR data only. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IHE_UNDER_OVER_AGE_25 | Description: The student's age status as of September 30th of the enrollment year. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_CC_SEEKING_TRNSFR_TO_4YR | Description: Indicates if student at a CC intends to transfer to a 4-year institution. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_FOR_PROFIT_IHE | Description: Y/N field that designates whether an IHE operates on a for-profit basis. |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_FULL_TIME_24 | Description: Indicates if student is full-time, based on 24 attempted credits per year |
| Category: Enrollment and Attendance | Variable: IS_LEAVE_OF_ABSENCE | Description: Indicates if all courses in session had enrollment status of ?Leave of Absence? |
| Category: Program Participation | Variable: IS_STARR_PROGRAM | Description: Designates if the session record came from the STARR collection. |
| Category: Program Participation | Variable: PROGRAM_CIP_CATEGORY | Description: High-level (2-digit CIP) field of study description per NCES for student prog |
| Category: Program Participation | Variable: PROGRAM_CIP_CODE | Description: CIP code for the student?s academic program, as submitted by the IHE. |
| Category: Program Participation | Variable: PROGRAM_CIP_DESCRIPTION | Description: Description of field of study per CIP by NCES for the student?s program. |
| Category: Program Participation | Variable: PROGRAM_NAME | Description: Institution?s internal name for the program, major, minor, or field of study |