Highlights
Record Level: RPIC x RIC
Record Count: ~450,000 RPIC: RIC pairs
Years Covered: 2003-Present
Population Coverage: K12 School personnel with education records in K12 or postsecondary
The RPIC/RIC Crosswalk allows researchers to connect records between the State of Michigan’s student and educator data systems. In practice, this means that the K12 and postsecondary education records of students who later become public K12 education personnel can be joined with administrative MERI K12 Staffing data such as credentials gained and teaching assignments.
Constructing the RPIC/RIC Crosswalk
The RPIC/RIC Crosswalk is produced by loading staff records into the matching algorithm used by the Center for Educational Education & Performance to identify students. This algorithm requires a threshold of 95% for a match, with lower confidence levels requiring manual resolutions. Records failing the match criteria remain unmatched if confidence levels are below 85%. To be considered for a match, complete identity information including first name, last name, date of birth, and gender must be available. As the source systems are updated regularly, expect some match results to change over time.
Overall, the match rate for student and educator records for men (97%) was roughly comparable to that of women (96%) after adjusting the matching process to allow for multiple (e.g., maiden) last names. Final match rates were far higher for educators who earned their teaching credentials from public universities (98%) than those from private universities (83%). Moreover, matches from public universities were validated at a higher rate (99%) compared to those from private universities (86%). This discrepancy is likely due to differences in state data reporting requirements between public and private universities, leading to gaps in data coverage and quality.
RICs in the Crosswalk not in MERI Data
Of the RICs in the crosswalk file, roughly 10% are not found in either the K12 data or Postsecondary base file. While at first blush that appears to be a great many records that may be missing, there are a number of reasons that the UICs the state uses to generate RICs might be out of range. These include:
- UICs can be created for Child Development and Care
- UICs can be created upon enrollment of a student, but the student ended up not attending
- UICs can be created for Adult Education
- UICs can be created for non-public students
- UICs may not be reported in the years that we have data for, only appearing earlier
There is a noticeable difference in the rate of RPICs found in the MERI K12 Staff Data based on the birth year of a given record. For records with a birth year of 1985 or later in the base staff file, ~85% are in the RPIC/RIC crosswalk. Records with birth years of 1984 or earlier are found in the RPIC/RIC crosswalk in only ~20% of cases. This makes sense, since the RIC identifier would not have been given to students in decades earlier in the 20th century. However, it does mean that studies using the crosswalk should be careful to specify that their study is limited to teachers who attended Michigan public schools during the data-collecting era.
Codebook
| Category Sort descending | Variable | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: CD | Description: CD |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: SPEECH_TO_TEXT | Description: SPEECH-TO-TEXT |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LARGE_PRINT | Description: LARGE PRINT |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: VIDEO_SPANISH | Description: VIDEO SPANISH |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_TEST_READER_NATIVE | Description: LEP TEST READER NATIVE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: READ_ALOUD_ELA_PASSGES | Description: READ ALOUD - English Language Arts (ELA) PASSAGES |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: CD_PART_A | Description: CD PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: STANDARD | Description: STANDARD |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LARGE_PRINT_BOOKLET | Description: LARGE PRINT BOOKLET |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: VISUAL_AIDS | Description: VISUAL AIDS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MAGNIFCATN_OR_LOW_VISION_AID | Description: MAGNIFICATION OR LOW VISION AIDS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: ABACUS | Description: ABACUS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: READ_ALOUD_LSTNG_RSPNSE_OPN | Description: READ ALOUD LISTENING TEST RESPONSE OPTIONS BY HUMAN READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: CD_PART_B | Description: CD PART B |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: STD_ASST_TECH_RSPND_TST_ITEM | Description: STUDENT USES ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TO RESPOND TO TEST ITEMS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LARGE_PRINT_PART_A | Description: LARGE PRINT PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: WORD_PRCESSOR_RSPND_TST_ITEM | Description: WORD PROCESSOR OR SIMILAR KEYBOARDING DEVICE TO RESPOND TO TEST ITEMS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MANUAL_CNTL_START_AUDIO_PLAY | Description: MANUAL CONTROL TO START AUDIO PLAY OF ITEM |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: ALTERNATE_RESPONSE | Description: ALTERNATE RESPONSE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: READ_ALOUD_TEST_ITEM | Description: READ ALOUD TEST ITEMS BY HUMAN READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: CLOSED_CAPTIONING | Description: CLOSED CAPTIONING |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: STD_RSPND_BRAILLE | Description: STUDENT RESPONDS USING BRAILLE WRITER OR BRAILLE NOTETAKER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LARGE_PRINT_PART_B | Description: LARGE PRINT PART B |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: WORD_PROCESSOR | Description: WORD PROCESSOR |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MASKING | Description: MASKING |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: AMPLIFICATION_SYSTEM | Description: AMPLIFICATION SYSTEM |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: READER | Description: READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: COLOR_CHOOSER | Description: COLOR CHOOSER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: STD_RSPND_ORALLY | Description: Student responds orally using external communication device or software |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_DIR_AUDIO | Description: LEP DIR AUDIO |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MODIFIED_PRESENTATION_FORMAT | Description: MODIFIED PRESENTATION FORMAT |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: ARABIC_GLOSSARY | Description: ARABIC GLOSSARY |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: REPEAT_IN_PERSON_HUMAN_READER | Description: REPEAT_IN_PERSON_HUMAN_READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: COMPUTER_ASSISTED | Description: COMPUTER ASSISTED |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: STD_RSPND_RECORD_DEVICE | Description: Student responds using recording device, which is transcribed by student |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_DIR_CD | Description: LEP DIR CD |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MODIFIED_RESPONSE_FORMAT | Description: MODIFIED RESPONSE FORMAT |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: AUDIO | Description: AUDIO |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: REPEAT_ITEM_AUDIO | Description: REPEAT ITEM AUDIO |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: CONTINUOUS_MAGNIFICATION_200 | Description: NULL |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEST_CONTENT_PROVIDED | Description: TEST CONTENT PROVIDED IN ASL OR SEE (HUMAN SIGNER) |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_OTHER_ACCOM | Description: LEP OTHER ACCOM |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MODIFIED_TEST_DIRECTIONS | Description: MODIFIED TEST DIRECTIONS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: AUDIO_AMP_DEVICE | Description: AUDIO AMP DEVICE OR NOISE BUFFER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: REPEAT_LSTNG_TEST_RSPNSE_OTN | Description: REPEAT LISTENING TEST RESPONSE OPTIONS BY HUMAN READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: CONTRASTING_TEXT | Description: CONTRASTING TEXT |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEST_IN_NONSCHL_SETTG | Description: TEST MAY BE ADMINISTERED BY SCHOOL PERSONNEL IN A NON-SCHOOL SETTING |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEST_READ | Description: TEST READ |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_OTHER_ACCOM_PART_A | Description: LEP OTHER ACCOM PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MODIFIED_TIMING_SCHEDULING | Description: MODIFIED TIMING/SCHEDULING |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: AUDIO_PART_A | Description: AUDIO PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: REPEAT_TEST_ITEM | Description: REPEAT TEST ITEMS BY HUMAN READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: DIRECTION_PROVIDED | Description: Directions provided in American Sign Language or Signed Exact English |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: ENGLISH_DICTIONARY | Description: ENGLISH DICTIONARY |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEST_READ_PART_A | Description: TEST READ PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_OTHER_ACCOM_PART_B | Description: LEP OTHER ACCOM PART B |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: MULTIDAY | Description: MULTIDAY |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: AUDIO_PART_B | Description: AUDIO PART B |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: REVERSE_CONTRAST | Description: REVERSE CONTRAST |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: ENGLISH_GLOSSARY | Description: ENGLISH GLOSSARY |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEST_READ_PART_B | Description: TEST READ PART B |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_TEST_DIRECTIONS_ENGLISH | Description: LEP TEST DIRECTIONS ENGLISH |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: NOISE_BUFFERS | Description: NOISE BUFFERS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: BILINGUAL_DICTIONARY | Description: BILINGUAL WORD TO WORD DICTIONARY |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: SCRIBE | Description: SCRIBE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: EXTEND_SPKG_TST_RSPNSE_TIME | Description: EXTENDED SPEAKING TEST RESPONSE TIME |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEXT_TO_SPEECH | Description: TEXT-TO-SPEECH |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_TEST_DIRECTIONS_NATIVE | Description: LEP TEST DIRECTIONS NATIVE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: NON_SPANISH_TRANSLATION | Description: NON-SPANISH TRANSLATION |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: BRAILLE | Description: BRAILLE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: SCRIBE_ELA_WRITING | Description: SCRIBE - ELA WRITING ITEMS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: EXTEND_TESTING_SESSION | Description: EXTENDED TESTING SESSION OVER MULTIPLE DAYS FOR A SINGLE DOMAIN |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: TEXT_TO_SPEECH_PASSAGES | Description: TEXT-TO-SPEECH PASSAGES |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_TEST_ENGLISH | Description: LEP TEST ENGLISH |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: OSA_MULTIPLICATION_TABLE | Description: Online Supports and Accommodations (OSA) MULTIPLICATION TABLE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: BRAILLE_PART_A | Description: BRAILLE PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: SEPERATE_SETTING | Description: SEPARATE SETTING |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: EXTEND_TESTING_TIME | Description: EXTENDED TESTING TIME WITHIN THE SCHOOL DAY |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: THESAURUS | Description: THESAURUS |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_TEST_NATIVE | Description: LEP TEST NATIVE |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: OTHER_ACCOM | Description: OTHER ACCOM |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: BRAILLE_PART_B | Description: BRAILLE PART B |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: SETTING_FORMAT | Description: SETTING FORMAT |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: IN_PERSON_HUMAN_READER | Description: IN_PERSON_HUMAN_READER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: VIDEO | Description: VIDEO |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: LEP_TEST_READER_ENG_PART_A | Description: LEP TEST READER ENGLISH PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: OTHER_ACCOM_PART_A | Description: OTHER ACCOM PART A |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: BRAILLE_TEST_OR_WRITER | Description: BRAILLE TEST OR WRITER |
| Category: Testing Accommodations | Variable: SPANISH_GLOSSARY | Description: SPANISH_GLOSSARY |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_1 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_2 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_3 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_4 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_5 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_6 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_INSTRUCT_SERVICE_7 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_SUPPORT_SERVICE_1 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_SUPPORT_SERVICE_2 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_SUPPORT_SERVICE_3 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |
| Category: Title I and Target Assistance Programs | Variable: TAS_SUPPORT_SERVICE_4 | Description: Code for Title I services received by the student |